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    <title>The Culture Based Political Programs: Impact of Talk Show on the Audience</title>
    <language>english</language>
    <abstract>Most of the research in these fields focuses on the structural or entertainment dimensions and / or&#13;
on audience research, but there are only a few research projects concerned with the culture based political&#13;
programs in Spain. Richardson and Meinhof (1999) contributed to filling the gap with a series of comparative&#13;
case studies on satellite television programs proposed by news channels addressing a global audience (News&#13;
Corp‘s Sky News and Germany‘s n.tv), local TV channels in Germany and Britain, and the European TV&#13;
experience (ARTE, Euro-News), drawing on discourse analysis, applied linguistics, and social semiotics but&#13;
there is a big gap in investigation of Spanish political talk show and its impact on the audience.&#13;
Cultural diversity is the central issue of our times although with different emphases on MEDIA context. Media&#13;
and communication studies have begun to draw on work in TV programs with the retrospect of political talk&#13;
shows to understand how diversity is experienced across Spanish culture. Analyses are required as for the transnational&#13;
entities of the European Unity, in our case culture in Spain. The topic is of the increasing importance&#13;
because of the talk show impact on the audience as emotionally as individual nation and region face the&#13;
challenge of globalization and the propaganda of media content. The essay draws on cultural and media policy&#13;
analyses. In short, late night entertainment talk shows or other soft news programs afford politicians one of their&#13;
best opportunities to reach a large group of potentially persuadable voters in a relatively sympathetic venue.&#13;
The increasing frequency of presidential candidate appearances on daytime and late night talk shows (Baum&#13;
2003a, 2005; Gold 2007) strongly suggests they believe such appearances are politically beneficial. The&#13;
previous discussion illustrates the importance of drawing clear distinctions between different types of media&#13;
outlets and content aimed at distinct audiences. Most research into the effects of soft news on public opinion&#13;
finds any such effects to be contingent on media venue, topic, and audience characteristics. Such venues vary in&#13;
the sophistication of their content and hence the likely learning effects among different types of viewers, while&#13;
some issues are more easily framed in accessible terms than others. Moreover, different types of viewers differ in&#13;
their propensity to learn about politics via such outlets. Scholars have only partially disentangled these&#13;
distinctions. Much of the research in this area thus suffers from imprecise definitions of the independent (soft&#13;
news exposure) and / or dependent (public opinion) variables. The study investigates the awareness level of&#13;
public through TV talk shows (political).</abstract>
    <keywords>public service broadcasting, political programs, talk show, audience impact</keywords>
    <creators>
      <item>
        <name>
          <family>Tsybko</family>
          <given>А. V.</given>
        </name>
        <id>juliaodour@rambler.ru</id>
      </item>
    </creators>
    <ispublished>pub</ispublished>
    <subjects>
      <item>LB</item>
    </subjects>
    <full_text_status>public</full_text_status>
    <date>2016</date>
    <date_type>published</date_type>
    <publication>Вісник Житомирського державного університету імені Івана Франка</publication>
    <number>2 (84)</number>
    <publisher>Вид-во ЖДУ ім. І.Франка</publisher>
    <pagerange>5-8</pagerange>
    <refereed>TRUE</refereed>
    <issn>2076-6173</issn>
    <referencetext>1. Condry J. The Psychology of Television / J. Condry. – New Jersey : Lawrence Erlbaum Associates. – 1989.&#13;
2. Jensen K. B. A Handbook of Qualitative Methodologies for Mass Communication Research / K. B. Jensen,&#13;
N. W. Jankowski. – London : Routledge, 1991.&#13;
3. Baum M. A. Sex, Lies and War : How Soft News Brings Foreign Policy to the Inattentive Public / М. A. Baum //&#13;
American Political Science Review. – № 96 (Mar.), 2002. – P. 91–109.&#13;
4. Brewer P. Candidate Appearances on Soft News Shows and Public Knowledge about Primary Campaigns /&#13;
P. Brewer, X. Cao // Journal of Broadcasting &amp; Electronic Media. – Mar. , 2006. – P. 18–35.&#13;
5. McGraw K. M. Information Processing Approaches to the Study of Political Judgment / K. M. McGraw, M. Lodge.&#13;
In Political Judgment : Structure and Process, ed. M. Lodge. – 1995.&#13;
6. Sniderman P. M. Reasoning and Choice : Explorations in Political Psychology / P. M. Sniderman, R. A. Brody,&#13;
P. E. Tetlock – New York : Cambridge University Press, 1991.&#13;
7. Sinner Carsten Análisis constrastivo de un corpus oral de diferentes variedades del castellano: Aspectos&#13;
cuantitativos y cualitativos / Carsten Sinner. In C. D. Pusch &amp; W. Raible (Eds.), Romanistische korpuslinguistik&#13;
Tübingen : Gunter Narr., (2002a). – P. 279–292.&#13;
8. Prince Gerald Narrative Pragmatics, Message, and Point / Gerald Prince // Poetics. – 1983, № 12. – P. 527–536.&#13;
9. Blum-Kulka Shoshana House, Juliane, &amp; Kasper, Gabriele / Shoshana Blum-Kulka // Cross-Сultural Pragmatics :&#13;
Requests and Apologies. Norwood, Shoshana Blum-Kulka. – NJ : Alblex Publishing Corporation. – 1989.&#13;
10. McGraw Ann Arbor / Ann McGraw // University of Michigan Press. – McQuail D., 2000. Mass Communication&#13;
Theory (4th ed.). – London : Sage.&#13;
11. Richardson K. Worlds in Common? Television Discourse in a Changing Europe / K. Richardson, U. Meinhof. –&#13;
London : Routledge. Philo, G.,1990. Seeing and Believing : The Influence of Television. London and New York :&#13;
Routledge, 1999.&#13;
12. Sinner Carsten The Construction of Identity and Group Boundaries in Catalan Spanish / Carsten Sinner. – In&#13;
A. Duszak (Ed.), Us and Others : Social Identities Across Languages, Discourses and Cultures. – Amsterdam : John&#13;
Benjamins, 2002 b. – P. 159–185.&#13;
13. Sinner Carsten El castellano de Cataluña / Carsten Sinner. – Tübingen : Niemeyer, 2004.&#13;
14. Sherzer Joel Speech Play and Verbal Art / Joel Sherzer. – Austin, TX : The University of Texas Press, 2002.&#13;
15. Vann Robert E. Constructing Catalanism : Motion Verbs, Demonstratives, and Locatives in the Spanish of&#13;
Barcelona / Robert E. Vann. – Catalan Review, 9 (2). – 1995. – P. 253–274.</referencetext>
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