Analysis of the Industrial Companies’ Ecological Impact within the Scope of Stable Growth

The article examines the ecological footprint of industrial enterprises within the framework of sustainable development, viewing it as a key indicator of anthropogenic pressure on the environment. The assessment of the ecological footprint allows for a comprehensive understanding of the imbalance between resource consumption and the biocapacity of territories. It reflects not only the scale of energy use and emissions but also the effects of water withdrawal, material flows, and spatial infrastructure on ecosystem sustainability. The study employs an integrated five-component model including energy, water, material, waste, and infrastructure components. All indicators are converted into global hectares according to the Global Footprint Network’s methodology. Based on official statistics for six central regions of Ukraine during 2021–2024, the analysis reproduces the dynamics of resource consumption and pollution by industrial enterprises. Results show that the energy component dominates the ecological footprint structure (over 90%), confirming the industry’s strong dependence on fossil fuels. Other components, such as water, materials, waste, and infrastructure, contribute less but remain significant. While 2021–2023 indicated a decline in resource intensity and emissions, a moderate rebound in 2024 revealed a persistent environmental imbalance. The proposed model supports eco-passporting of enterprises, regional monitoring, and modernization programs using the best available technologies.