The Spectra and Lifetimes of Electrons, Holes, and Excitons in Open Cylindrical Quantum Dots Embedded Into Quantum Wires or Wells

The spectra and lifetimes of an electron, a hole, and an exciton in open cylindrical quantum dots (QDs) embedded into various environments — a cylindrical quantum wire (QW) and a plane quantum well which, in their turn, are located in a massive three-dimensional medium — have been studied theoretically. The relevant calculations were carried out in the framework of the effective mass approximation and for a rectangular potential. The analytical expression for the scattering matrix (S-matrix) has been obtained. The real part of the S-matrix pole defines the energy of a quasi-stationary state, while the imaginary one defines
its halfwidth and, accordingly, the lifetime of a quasiparticle in this state. Numerical calculations of the spectra and lifetimes of an electron, a hole, and an exciton were carried out for nanoheterosystems composed on the basis of semiconductors ¯- HgS and ¯-CdS.