Mechanisms for Protecting Social and Humanitarian Human Rights during the Russian-Ukrainian War

The article conducts a comprehensive analysis of mechanisms for safeguarding social and humanitarian human rights during the Russo-Ukrainian war. It establishes that the legal regime of martial law permits restrictions on certain constitutional rights, including: freedom of movement through curfew implementation; free choice of residence through mandatory evacuations; freedom to leave Ukraine's territory for specific demographic groups; along with rights to work and education. The study reveals that effective humanitarian policy directly depends on identifying critical threats: to national identity, ethnopolitical tensions, historical memory manipulation, and instrumentalization of religious institutions for social destabilization.

Consequently, the formation of a unified civic identity constitutes a fundamental objective of state humanitarian policy. The threat to Ukrainian national identity has emerged from societal ambivalence, characterized by the competition between pan-Russian imperial and European Ukrainian identities within Ukraine, alongside the resonance of "Russian world" ideology among certain population segments. Drawing on the Council of Europe's Needs Assessment Report "Social Rights in Ukraine during War," this study highlights the critical importance of safeguarding civil, political, economic, social, and cultural rights during periods of armed conflict. The mass displacement of populations coupled with the systematic destruction of social infrastructure during warfare severely compromises people's ability to access education, employment opportunities, healthcare services, and other vital resources necessary for sustaining proper living conditions and means of subsistence.