Embodied Learning in EFL: A Multidimensional Classification and Pedagogical Applications in the Digital Age

In the context of digital transformation, embodied learning has become a significant approach in English as a Foreign Language (EFL) teaching. It emphasizes the role of the body, movement, and sensory interaction in cognition and meaning-making (Jusslin et al., 2022), while emerging technologies such as AR/VR further expand its pedagogical potential (Jung, Lee, & Liu, 2025).

This paper proposes a three-dimensional classification of embodied learning based on the level of bodily engagement, modal composition, and social form. It distinguishes passive and active embodiment, identifies kinaesthetic, multisensory, and technology-enhanced modalities, and highlights individual and collaborative practices.

The findings demonstrate that embodied learning enhances engagement, retention, and communicative competence, offering a structured framework for designing interactive and learner-centered EFL environments.