Comparative Study of Language Structure and Grammatical Universals

The article’s authors set out to compare the linguistic structure and grammatical features of two languages of the Germanic family – English and German – to identify and describe the linguistic universals of these languages. The article provides a critical review of the literature, which touches upon related or consonant problems of comparative analysis of Germanic languages, conducts a comparative analysis of the linguistic structure of German and English as languages of the West Germanic branch, describes the grammatical features of German and English through the prism of comparative analysis, and identifies linguistic universals in German and English. The article uses various methods: synthesis and analysis, diachronic and synchronic methods, and comparative, structural, genetic and generalisation methods. The study’s novelty lies in the research of lexical interactions between English and German at the present stage of their development, as this process is continuous and requires constant scientific analysis.